Gambling in the USA
What You Need to Know About Gambling and Your 2021 Taxes
The deadline for filing 2021 federal tax returns looms on April 18 this year and for gamblers, it’s an occasion to be reminded of how the tax code addresses their gaming activity. Generally speaking, that’s not too kindly.
The bottom line is simple and stern. As a rule, all income from gambling — including real money online casino play — must be reported eventually on Line 8 of the familiar Form 1040 (along with inclusion on Schedule 1).
To some, it may come as a surprise that gambling income is reported as a gross figure and not a net result. That stands in contrast to, say, capital gains or losses realized in stock transactions, which are reported on Line 7 of the Form 1040 (usually, along with a Schedule D).
In plain English and by example what that means is this: If a taxpayer wins $500 playing the slots in a casino on Monday and then loses $800 playing the slots on Tuesday, the taxpayer is required to report the $500 win on his Form 1040 on Line 8. The $800 loss would be accounted for on Schedule A (Itemized Deductions) — but there are caveats.
The first may be familiar to taxpayers who gamble. Reported gambling losses cannot exceed gambling wins so in the above example, the taxpayer would have an allowable deduction of just $500 for net zero result (the gamble eats the excess $300 loss). But then there’s another issue.
The taxpayer gets to account for gambling losses only if he/she itemizes deductions on Schedule A. And as a result of the 2017 tax revision, the allowance for the standard deduction was raised to a point where it doesn’t make financial sense for the vast majority of taxpayers to itemize their deductions.
What that means for many taxpayers who gamble relatively modestly is that they have no opportunity to deduct any gambling losses. So, the gaming “win” stands alone as income even if the aggregate gambling activity was a net loss.
As an aside, the standard deduction for married couples filing a joint return for tax year 2021 is $25,100. For single taxpayers and married individuals filing separately, the standard deduction is $12,550. For heads of households, the standard deduction is $18,800.
The impacts of gross gambling income on line 8 may be subtle but can be significant. For instance, that amount gets carried down to Line 11, adjusted gross income, which can affect a range of tax circumstances, such as how much of the taxpayer’s Social Security benefits are taxable.
FUNDAMENTAL TAX RULES FOR GAMBLERS
- Taxpayers who gamble should remember that all gambling winnings must be reported as income regardless of whether the operator issues documentation, such as a W-2G or a Form 1099.
- Unfortunately, gamblers cannot “net” their winnings and losses when reporting gambling income. Gambling income is usually reported on Schedule 1 and then carried over to Form 1040, Line 8.
- Gambling losses are accounted for on Schedule A, Itemized Deductions, and taxpayers must itemize to get the benefit of a gambling loss deduction. However, taxpayers have to choose between itemizing deductions or taking the standard deduction.
- If gambling losses are taken as a deduction, they cannot exceed the amount of gambling wins.
- Win or lose, taxpayers should keep a journal of their gambling activity. They should note where, when, what games were played, and how much was won or lost. Taxpayers should also keep any evidence of wagering activity, losses included.
- State taxes may also be due on gambling winnings and rules vary from state to state. Gamblers should familiarize themselves with their state’s tax policies on gambling income.
OTHER THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND
The proliferation of gambling, both bricks-and-mortar and on the internet, has created complications for taxpayers that should be addressed by a tax professional but there are some things taxpayers should keep in mind.
As mentioned earlier, keeping a journal of gambling activity be part of your record-keeping.
Remember, all gambling winnings are reportable even if a gambling operator doesn’t issue paperwork, often a W-2G or a 1099-MISC or a 1099-K.
And speaking of W-2Gs, here are the occasions when the Internal Revenue Service says a W-2G should be issued by the gambling operator:
- 1. The winnings (not reduced by the wager) are $1,200 or more from a bingo game or slot machine;
- 2. The winnings (reduced by the wager) are $1,500 or more from a Keno game;
- 3. The winnings (reduced by the wager or buy-in) are more than $5,000 from a poker tournament;
- 4. The winnings (except winnings from bingo, slot machines, keno, and poker tournaments) reduced, at the option of the payer, by the wager are:
- a. $600 or more, and
- b. at least 300 times the amount of the wager; or
- 5. The winnings are subject to federal income tax withholding (either regular gambling withholding or backup withholding).
What may irritate taxpayers who gamble is how gambling activity is treated as opposed to something like day-trading stocks. In the latter case, which also involves substantial risk-taking, the stock day-trader gets to net losses against gains without having to choose between itemizing deductions and taking the standard deduction.
UNFAIRNESS TO GAMBLERS
The unfairness to taxpayers who gamble, particularly those who play at modest levels, was noted by the American Gaming Association, the trade group that represents the gambling industry, when the 2017 tax code was being revised.
“Under such a higher standard deduction, small and mid-level slot machine players may not be able to itemize their deductions, even with their gaming losses, and hence may not be able to offset gaming wins reported as income with the full amount of their gaming losses,” the AGA said in a letter to Capitol Hill.
“AGA strongly recommends, as a matter of tax simplification, that gaming players should be permitted to subtract gaming losses from gaming winnings in order to compute their taxable net gaming income for purposes of reporting adjusted gross income, without being required to itemize their deductions.”
Unfortunately for gamblers, that recommendation was not taken by the Congress.
For years, the AGA has been trying to get the threshold for issuing W-2Gs raised from $1,200 to $5,000 without any luck. However, early in March, the Congressional Gaming Caucus advanced an effort to raise the slot tax threshold to $5,000 with bipartisan legislation and also provide a mechanism for future increases based on inflation. The current $1,200 slot tax threshold has not been adjusted for inflation since 1977 and, since then, the instances of $1,200 W-2Gs has skyrocketed.
DON’T FORGET STATE TAXES
In addition to concerning themselves with federal taxes, gamblers need to deal with state income tax obligations. Some states allow deductions for losses, some do not. Some states allow for losses and wins to be netted, most do not.
Michigan, for example, changed its tax laws recently to allow for gambling loss deductions where there are winnings. Mississippi, meanwhile, has its 3% tax where the gaming establishment withholds a 3% “nonrefundable” tax at the time a W-2G-level jackpot is hit regardless of whether the winner is a state resident.
Casino customers from outside the country get separate treatment. In many cases, the United States has tax treaties with other countries that dictate how non-U.S. gamblers are treated from a tax perspective. For instance, in the United Kingdom, gambling winnings are not taxed and the U.S. tax treaty with the UK means that U.S. taxes are not withheld from those gambling customers.
Gambling in the USA
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The hottest new game from Aristocrat Gaming, Phoenix Link, is now live on casino floors, with Yaamava’ Resort & Casino being the first in North America to offer the highly-anticipated game. As the next evolution of the international hit game, Dragon Link, Phoenix Link features player-favorite mechanics from top games with all-new themes, features, and bonuses.
“We have been humbled by the incredible global fanfare Dragon Link has received over the years but are never ones to rest on our laurels. The teams have been working tirelessly on a follow-up that brings together all the player-favorite elements in a new and exciting way with Phoenix Link as the proud result. We were thrilled to partner with Yaamava’ to premiere Phoenix Link with flair, excitement, and celebration,” said Victor Duarte, executive vice president of product for Aristocrat Gaming.
Phoenix Link players will enjoy the game’s additional denominations, configurations, and jackpots on each of the launch game theme titles. Gameplay features include Hold & Spin, Free Games with multiplier wilds or twin spin reels, Phoenix Mystery trigger, and more new bonus twists. Phoenix Link is available on the Neptune Single cabinet.
“Yaamava’ is thrilled to host yet another world premiere in gaming with the launch of Phoenix Link by Aristocrat Gaming. Our Club Serrano members are already raving about this captivating extension of the player-favorite Dragon Link. It’s a great addition to the Yaamava’ gaming floor,” said Kenji Hall, General Manager of Yaamava’ Resort & Casino at San Manuel, said.
Gambling in the USA
NOVOMATIC shines at G2E 2024: A street smart showcase of innovation and engagement
In line with its commitment to innovation, NOVOMATIC unveiled several ground breaking product launches that left a significant impact on the gaming industry. The V.I.P. X™ cabinet series emerged as one of the main attractions, highlighting models such as the V.I.P. X Royal™ 1.85, V.I.P. X Dream™ 3.43, and the V.I.P. X Lounge™ 2.32. The crown jewel of the presentation was the V.I.P. Galaxy™ 2.65, setting a new benchmark for luxury cabinets with its perfect blend of comfort and state-of-the-art gaming technology. Featuring high-definition screens and immersive sound systems, the fully adjustable lounge design promises an unparalleled gaming experience, leaving customers eager to introduce these innovations onto their gaming floors.
The unveiling of a new LED wall as part of the DIAMOND X™ series, including the DIAMOND X™ 1.55J, showcased the U.S.-style designed Piggy Prizes title. The modern and interactive design sent a clear message: NOVOMATIC Americas has fully arrived, enhancing its reputation for premium entertainment experiences.
Groundbreaking Progressives and a Robust VGT Lineup
NOVOMATIC introduced a variety of THUNDER CASH™ GOLD Progressives featuring new titles like Charming Lady’s Boom Coins™ and Red Amazon Explosion™. The Globe Link™ Xtension Volume 1 & 2 also attracted considerable interest, marking a significant impact with several new themes. The excitement surrounding these progressive games was palpable, bolstered by innovative math models and enticing bonus structures.
The VGT product range received special emphasis, particularly with the Street-Smart-themed area dedicated to highlight the themes and flexible assortment of cabinet styles for markets in Illinois, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Puerto Rico, and Georgia. This dynamic showcase reinforced NOVOMATIC’s commitment to providing leading solutions in performance and player appeal within the VGT sector. Featuring both NOVOLINE™ and Magic HD customer favorite themes, this area showed the new game mixes on DIAMOND X™ 2.32, BLACK EDITION II 3.27 & BLACK EDITION II 1.49J, V.I.P. X Lounge™ 2.32 and FUNMASTER 2.27. Specifically in Illinois, featuring the Magic HD game mix consisting of the Overlay Magic Play Lock & Spin feature, and the new Poker3™ multi-hand video poker mix. NOVOLINE™ games were shown on the Black Edition II 1.49J cabinet with popular games like ULTRA BOOST™ and Money Party™ themes. Georgia Skill showed three new game titles in the Magic HD mix while more new titles lined the streets of the NOVOMATIC booth.
Advancements in Sports Betting and Casino Management
In addition to its product line, NOVOMATIC showed their cutting-edge sports betting kiosks including the ActionBook™ Edge 1.43J, and ActionBook™ Plus 2.27 models. With advanced graphics and rapid processing capabilities, these kiosks offer operators unmatched flexibility and performance. The premiere of the award-winning NOVOVISION™ casino management system was another highlight, leveraging biometric technology for enhanced player recognition and streamlined operations. Already acknowledged as a ‘Best CMS/Software Product’ at the European Casino Awards, this system generated significant buzz regarding its potential to revolutionize the gaming landscape.
Industry Recognition for Creative and Commercial Success
The combination of NOVOMATIC’s innovative product launches and captivating booth design earned widespread acclaim. The company was recognized for its Street-Smart booth, praised for creativity, interactivity, and the memorable experiences it fostered. Industry experts and attendees alike hailed NOVOMATIC’s presence at G2E 2024 as one of the most impactful.
Alexander Merwald, CEO at NOVOMATIC Americas, stated, “G2E 2024 was an incredible success for NOVOMATIC. We were proud to showcase the V.I.P. X™ cabinet series – Our ‘Street Games, Street Smart’ focus resonated strongly, as we demonstrated how our tailored solutions meet the real-world needs of both casino and VGT operators. The response from customers reaffirmed NOVOMATIC’s position as a leader in delivering innovation, performance, and market-specific strategies for North America.”
Thomas Schmalzer, VP of Global Sales, and Product Management at NOVOMATIC AG, added, “The product diversity and innovation showcased at G2E 2024 have been enthusiastically received by both operators and players. Our V.I.P. X™ series and extensive range of progressives reflect our unwavering commitment to delivering premium solutions to the global market.”
With new partnerships established and product placements secured at G2E 2024, NOVOMATIC is primed to expand its market presence across North America. The success at this year’s expo signifies a vital step forward in the company’s mission to set the standard for gaming entertainment.
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